http://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Cooperf&feedformat=atomCCoWS Wiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T12:42:01ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.22.2http://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-16T14:18:26Z<p>Cooperf: /* Approaches to developing Load Allocations */</p>
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<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _ES_____. Mainly working on: __Approaches to Linkage Analysis_____<br />
** Initials: VP. Mainly working on: Monitoring/Evaluation<br />
** Initials: RH. Mainly working on: tmdl develop and implement fleshing this out <br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
** Initials: BK. Working on problem id<br />
** Initials: SQ. Mainly working on: Source Analysis<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board. Various links present, explain, and discuss the list, including:<br />
* [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf 2006 report].<br />
* [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/2008_0409_draft_integrated_report.pdf TMDL progress since 1996]<br />
* [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_a.pdf Recommended changes since the 2006 list]<br />
* Explanations and appendices for each category of listing:<br />
** [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_b.shtml Category 2]<br />
** [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_c.shtml Category 3]<br />
** [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_d.shtml Category 4A]<br />
** [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml Category 5]<br />
<br />
Maybe we should very briefly explain the categories on this page, so that the reader doesn't have to clicking all those links.<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,High Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, Low Priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,Low Priority <br />
** Dieldrin, Low Priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, Low Priority <br />
** Endrin, Low Priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Low Priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, Low Priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, High Priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, Low Priority<br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf protocols for TMDL development] in general, and for specific types of constituents such as [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf pathogens]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDLs<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDLs (see below)<br />
<br />
=== Components of TMDL development ===<br />
<br />
(Summarized from, for example, [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf EPA Protocols for developing nutrient TMDLs])<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
** Identify Problem<br />
*** Problem identification starts the process of the TMDL by summarizing the existing impairments, where they are located, and what probable sources are known. Collecting existing data, identifying designated uses, and evaluating seasonal factors are parts of this early summary.<br />
* Numeric Targets<br />
** Develop Numeric Targets<br />
*** Research applicable water quality standards for the waterbody depending on jurisdictions and uses.<br />
** Select indicators<br />
*** Technical and general scientific validity and practical time and cost considerations are useful in selecting whch indicators to pick.<br />
** Identify target values<br />
*** Choosing target values or conditions is complex, so local examples and experience in setting target values is extremely useful in the process. Various historical levels, and especially reference reach conditions can start the process. Other factors to consider when setting values are seasonal fluxes and spatial variability in the indicator. Values can be graduated on categorical type (e.g. tributary vs. main stem), and a margin of safety should be applied. The margin of safety is based on reliability and accuracy of indicator measurements, the degree of impairment, direct impacts,and best professional judgment based on experience and literature.<br />
** Compare existing and target conditions<br />
* Source Assessment<br />
** Identify sources<br />
***Inventory possible sources, characterize types of sources and their possible pathways.<br />
** Estimate source loadings<br />
***Monitoring data, statistical relationships, and models are used to estimate loads. <br />
* Linkage Analysis <br />
** Link Targets and Sources<br />
** Assess linkages<br />
** Estimate total loading capacity<br />
* Allocations<br />
** Load allocation<br />
** Divide load among sources<br />
* Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
** Devlop monitoring plan<br />
** Develop review plan<br />
** Develop schedule<br />
** Implementation Plan<br />
** Develop plan<br />
*** Currently, once a TMDL is developed and approved for a water body it can be removed from the 303d list<ref name="killam"><br />
Killam G. 2005. The Clean Water Act Owner's Manual. Oregon: River Network.</ref><br />
* Implement control action<br />
*** This can involve lowering permitted discharges if present, and using as many other strategeies as possible. Other strategies could be regulations, educational programs, best management practices, cost-sharing or other assistance, and use of volunteer groups<ref name="killam"/>.<br />
<br />
Unclear where the items below fit into this section<br />
<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
** Evaluating success of control actions through monitoring is required in some states, but this is not directly required at the federal level unless a point source permit under section 402 is revised<ref name="killam"/>.<br />
<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches used in the Monterey Bay area are summarized here. First, a list is given of the approved TMDLs that are considered in this summary. This is followed by a summary of approaches used within these TMDLs, organized according to the different components of a TMDL.<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area approved by the [[CCRWQCB]] are listed below (a subset of the [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml full list for the region]).<br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL<ref <br />
name="WatsonvillePathogensTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL - Final Project Report, DRAFT].</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL<ref name="Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf <br />
Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TDML - Final Project Report].</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL <ref name="Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf <br />
Pajaro River Nitrate (Including Llagas Creek) TDML - Final Project Report].</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL <ref name="San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL - Report].</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL <ref name="Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL - Draft Report].</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Approaches to Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
Last edited by BK 4/16/09 at 00:06. Still working. Need more info on Watsonville slough and Las Tablas. Also need to format references.<br />
<br />
On the Central Coast of California, listings on the Section 303(d) have been based on the specific water quality objectives <br />
contained within the Central Coast Region’s Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) <br />
[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/rwqcb3/publications_forms/publications/basin_plan/bp_pdfversion/index.shtml]. Once listed the state prioritizes the impaired water bodies for TMDL submission. The TMDL submission needs to include a problem statement, which is a description of the waterbody/watershed setting, beneficial use impairments of concern, and pollutants or stressors causing the impairment [http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/water.nsf/TMDLs/TMDL+Overview (EPA Region 10 TMDL process overview)]. Identified problem statements for approved regional TMDLs are:<br />
<br />
Pajaro River Watershed <br />
* Pajaro River and Llagas creek were listed as impaired by sediment on the 1998 Section 303(d) based on qualitative assessment of turbidity (The Establishment of Nutrient Objectives, Sources, Impacts, and Best Management Practices for the Pajaro River and Llagas Creek, San Jose State University 1996). The 303(d) listing report did not specify which beneficial uses were affected.<br />
* Rider Creek was listed as impaired by sediment/siltation based on the sediment budget analysis which found sediment being exported to Corralitos Creek, and degrading steelhead rearing habitat (Rider Creek Sediment Management Plan, Santa Cruz County, California WRC Environmental, 1991)<br />
* San Benito River was found to be sediment starved, and causing accelerated downcutting and increased headwater incision (Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Degradation of the San Benito River, Golder Associates, 1997) . It was listed as impaired by sediments. <br />
* Assessment of nitrate concentration was used to check the quality of municipal and domestic water supply. <br />
<br />
San Lorenzo River Watershed<br />
* Counts of endangered and threatened fish populations of steelhead and Coho salmon showed their drastic decline in the watershed.<br />
* San Lorenzo River, Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek and Shingle Mill Creek have been identified as impaired by sediment due to negative impact to beneficial uses associated with anadromous fisheries.<br />
* Municipal water suppliers have shut down the intake facilities during the periods of high flows because the facilities' filtering capacities have been overwhelmed by excessive turbidity and sedimentation.<br />
<br />
Watsonville Slough (no explicit problem statement section) <br />
* Wet and dry season sampling for fecal bacteria was used to confirm the existence of a potential pathogen problem in the water body. <br />
* Genetic testing was used as source analysis for coliform bacteria.<br />
<br />
Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento<br />
<br />
=== Approaches to developing Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
TMDL numeric targets differ depending on the pollutant being targeted.<br />
<br />
==== Approaches to developing Numeric Targets for Pathogens ====<br />
<br />
When calculating bacterial levels, the most probable method [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Most_probable_number (MPN)] is utilized to determine population densities within the water. An example of this method being used int the Monterey Bay Region would an ''Escherichia coli'' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli (E. Coli)] TMDL standard developed for the Watsonville Slough <ref <br />
name="WatsonvillePathogensTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL - Final Project Report, DRAFT].</ref>. The TMDL for the E. coli pathogen are defined to be: <br />
<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_mean Geometric mean] 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
* Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
For more information on pathogen TMDL development, see The United States Environmental Protection Agency "Protocol for developing pathogen TMDLs"<ref name="US EPA Protocol for Developing Pathogen TMDLs">[http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf]US EPA Protocol for Developing Pathogen TMDLs. </ref><br />
<br />
==== Approaches to developing Numeric Targets for Sediment ====<br />
<br />
Sediment TMDLs use a different approach. For the Monterey Bay area, annual total sediment by weight are used to describe TMDLs. Sediment has two categories, uncontrollable 9natural or background) and controllable. TMDLs target the controllable portion of sediment and includes the natural levels in the equation. To better define the loads a watershed may release, watershed can be devided into sub watersheds to determine each regions contribution to the whole. For the Monterey Bay Region, two separate sediment TMDLs have been developed:<br />
<br />
* Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL<ref name="Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf <br />
Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL - Final Project Report].</ref><br />
** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
** San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
** Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
** Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
** Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
** Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
** Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
* San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL <ref name="San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL - Report].</ref><br />
** Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
** Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
** San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
<br />
For more information on sediment TMDL development, see The United States Environmental Protection Agency "Protocol for developing sediment TMDLs"<ref name="US EPA Protocol for Developing Sediment TMDLs">[http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/sediment/pdf/sediment.pdf]US EPA Protocol for Developing Sediment TMDLs. </ref><br />
<br />
==== Approaches to developing Numeric Targets for Nutrients ====<br />
<br />
Nitrate levels are usually measured in mg/l nitrate-N. Since the United Stated Environmental Protection Agency Title 40 part 141.23<ref name="US EPA Title 40 PART 141 National Primary Drinking Water Regulations">[http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_02/40cfr141_02.html]US EPA Title 40 PART 141 National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. </ref> regulates nitrate not to exceed 10mg/l of nitrate-N, this is a common TMDL applied to watersheds. An example in the Monterey Bay Region can be found in the Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL report<ref name="Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL - Final Project Report].</ref> This report concluds:<br />
*Nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
For more information on nutrient TMDL development, see The United States Environmental Protection Agency "Protocol for developing nutrient TMDLs"<ref name="US EPA Protocol for Developing Nutrient TMDLs">[http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf]US EPA Protocol for Developing Nutrient TMDLs. </ref><br />
<br />
==== Approaches to developing Numeric Targets for Metals ====<br />
<br />
Toxic metals can be both suspended and in the sediment, therefore they require to be monitored in the water column and within the sediment. In the Monterey Bay Region, the Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL <ref name="Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL - Draft Report].</ref> does this. <br />
<br />
* The Cal/EPA 40 CFR Part 131<ref name="California Environmental Protection Agency 40 CFR Part 131 Water Quality Standards; Establishment of Numeric Criteria for Priority Toxic Pollutants for the State of California; Rule">[http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WATER/2000/May/Day-18/w11106.pdf]California Environmental Protection Agency 40 CFR Part 131 Water Quality Standards; Establishment of Numeric Criteria for Priority Toxic Pollutants for the State of California; Rule. </ref>, also referred to as the "California Toxic Rules" regulates mercury in water at 0.05 μg/L, so that is the targeted water TMDL <br />
* For sediment the proposed TMDL for mercury is 0.486 mg/kg, based on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Permissible Exposure Limits [http://chemresponsetool.noaa.gov/loc_guide/pel.htm (NOAA PEL)]<br />
<br />
=== Approaches to Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
SQ still working on this section.<br />
<br />
The approaches that have been used to identify and analyze potential sources in TDMLs approved so far.<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL<ref <br />
name="WatsonvillePathogensTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL - Final Project Report, DRAFT].</ref><br />
**Initial Source Tracking<br />
***Initial monitoring : sampling<br />
***Increased monitoring to problem areas to isolate and identify sources: focused grab sampling and dye testing<br />
**Genetic Analysis<br />
***Toxic Gene Biomarker Method<br />
****DNA extraction of E.colli colonies on agar plates in water grab samples <br />
****DNA analysis for presence/ absence of toxin genes specific to host animals <br />
**Hydrologic Modification Analysis<br />
***Analysis of potential relationships between waterbody circulation and bacteria concentration<br />
**Land Use Distribution Analysis<br />
***Analysis of potential relationships between land use in subwatersheds with exceedences of water quality objectives <br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL<ref name="Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf <br />
Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL - Final Project Report].</ref><br />
**Computer Model by Tetra Tech<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL <ref name="Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf <br />
Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL - Final Project Report].</ref><br />
**Land use based approach<br />
***Use of multi-resolution datasets to identify land cover type <br />
***Sample data collection <br />
***Pollution load equation in ArcGIS to calculate nonpoint sources of pollution in watersheds.<br />
****PLOAD Version 3.0<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL <ref name="San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL -Report].</ref><br />
**<br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL <ref name="Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL - Draft Report].</ref><br />
**Developed a Mercury loading model based on a geographical information systems (GIS) database combined with chemical sample data (Mercury loading model and chemical sample data from Rice et al. 2004)<br />
***Estimated basin and sub-basin areas using GIS and Calwater 2.2 basin outlines<br />
***Estimated mercury concentration for each area<br />
***Summed annual mercury loads for each sub-area to create a mercury load model<br />
<br />
=== Approaches to Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
Linkage analysis involves examining and establishing cause-and-effect connections between the pollutant sources and the water quality [[#Approaches_to_developing_Numeric_Targets | targets]]. This linkage can be established through a combination of long-term monitoring data analysis, simulation models, best professional judgment, and previously established relationships. The association between pollutant sources and water quality targets established by the linkage can be used to estimate the pollution [[TMDL_load|load]] capacity of the watershed. This load capacity is the quantity of pollution (load) that the watershed can withstand while also sustaining designated [[TMDL_Beneficial_Uses|beneficial uses]]. Once calculated, the predicted pollutant load for the watershed must be validated for accuracy and precision. The product of the validation will be to assign all predictions an associated estimation of uncertainty. After the allowable pollution load is estimated, it can be divided up among the various sources in the watershed. <br />
<br />
When evaluating linkages between pollutant sources and water quality targets, there are several points to consider:<br />
* Given the indicator to be evaluated, availability of monitoring data, watershed/waterbody hydrology and temporal and spatial variation: <br />
** What scale of complexity is most appropriate for the analysis? <br />
** What are the advantages and disadvantages for various approaches?<br />
* What available present and previous relevant monitoring data exists for this watershed/waterbody?<br />
The [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf| United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)] described several approaches for linkage analysis:<br />
* [[#Approaches_to_Source_Analysis|Approaches described for Source Analysis]]<br />
* Concentration and Response relationships (simplified systems)<br />
* Complex simulation models including:<br />
** Hydrodynamic and water Quality Model for Streams (CE-QUAL-RIVI) <br />
** Enhanced Stream Water Quality model (QUAL2E)<br />
**WASP5 modeling system for predicting transport and fate of pollutants in surface waters<br />
** EUTROMOD spreadsheet-based watershed and lake modeling system<br />
** PHOSMOD stratified lake phosphorous-loading model<br />
** BATHTUB eutrophication models for lakes and reservoirs with complex shapes<br />
**CE-QUAL-Q2 two dimensional water quality model<br />
** Hydrological Simulation Program FORTRAM (HSPF)<br />
** CE-QUAL-ICM 3-dimentional, detailed algorithm-based water quality kinetics model<br />
<br />
Examples of Linkage Analysis approaches employed in the Monterey Bay Region of California include:<br />
* Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) sediment TMDL<ref <br />
name="PajaroSedimentTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Pajaro River Total Maximum Daily Loads for Sediment (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek, and San Benito River), Final Report November 2005].</ref><br />
** Combined suspended soil concentration into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to link sediment sources to in-stream indicators, determine existing sediment loads, and evaluate optimal TMDL load reductions <br />
** Statistical analyses of stream bed characteristics (including pool volume and mean gravel size) to estimate watershed disturbance<br />
* Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek) nitrate TMDL<ref <br />
name="PajaroNitrateTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Pajaro River Total Maximum Daily Loads for Nitrate (including Llagas Creek), Final ProjectReport November 2005].</ref><br />
** Insufficient data collected for linkage analysis.<br />
* Watsonville Slough pathogen TMDL <ref <br />
name="WatsonvilleSloughPathogesTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Watsonville Slough Total Maximum Daily Loads for Pathogens, Final Project Report Draft December 2005].</ref><br />
** Incomplete linkage analysis<br />
* Chorro Creek Nutrients and Dissolved Oxygen TMDL <ref <br />
name="ChorroNutsDOTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0044_tmdl_project_report.pdf Chorro Creek Total Maximum Daily Loads for Nutrients and Dissolved Oxygen, Final Project Report November 2005].</ref><br />
** Employed a combination of monitoring data, statistical analysis and best professional judgement <br />
* San Luis Obispo Creek Nitrogen-as-Nitrate TMDL<ref <br />
name="SLONitrateMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0106_slo_nut_tmdl_attach_b_proj_report.pdf San Luis Obispo Creek Total Maximum Daily Loads for Nitrogen as Nitrate, Final Project Report June 2005].</ref><br />
** Linkage analysis incomplete<br />
* Los Osos Creek, Warden Creek, and Warden Lake Wetland Nutrients TMDL<ref <br />
name="LosOsosNutsTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2004/2004_0165_los_osos_nutr_tmdl_final_proj_report.pdf Los Osos Creek, Warden Creek, and Warden Lake Wetland Total Maximum Daily Loads for Nitrogen as Nitrate, Final Project Report June 2005].</ref><br />
** Linkage analysis incomplete <br />
* San Lorenzo River(including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL <ref <br />
name="SanLorenzoSedTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf San Lorenzo River (including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek and Shingle Mill Creek)Total Maximum Daily Loads for Sediments, Project Report Draft September 2002].</ref><br />
** Statistical analyses of stream bed characteristics (including pool volume, mean gravel size and percentage fines and coarse fines) to estimate watershed disturbance.<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Approaches to developing Load Allocations ===<br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL <ref name="Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf <br />
Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL - Final Project Report].</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Specific Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL<ref name="Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf <br />
Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL - Final Project Report].</ref><br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Specific Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL<ref <br />
name="WatsonvillePathogensTMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL - Final Project Report, DRAFT].</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Specific Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL <ref name="San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL - Report].</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: Allocations are in the form annual loads.<br />
**Specific Sources: Allocations were divided between each sub-basin (Shingle Mill Creek, Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek and San Lorenzo River. For each sub-basin load sources were divided between Upland THP Roads, Streamside THP Roads on Steep Slopes, Upland Public/Private Roads, Streamside Public/Private Roads on Steep Slopes, THP Land, Other Urban and Rural Land, Mass Wastig and Channel/Bank Erosion. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL <ref name="Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL">[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf <br />
Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL - Draft Report].</ref><br />
**Load Allocations: allocations are in the form of annual load. <br />
**Specific Sources: There are three sources that were specified, General Soils, Roads and Mines.<br />
<br />
=== Approaches to developing a Monitoring and Evaluation Plan === <br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. A monitoring and evaluation plan should indicate monitoring goals and hypotheses, parameters to monitor, the monitoring methods to use, schedule for review and potential revision, and the parties responsible for implementing the plan. The plan must contain incremental, measurable targets consistent with implementation actions and the time frame for implementing those actions. For further detail, refer to [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf EPA Protocols document]<br />
<br />
Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in federally approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. <br />
* '''Watsonville Slough pathogen TMDL:'''<ref name="Watsonville Pathogens TMDL"><br />
[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL- Final Project Report, DRAFT].</ref><br />
** 8 monitoring locations specified to evaluate attainment and allocations of TMDL, 5 grab samples from each site collected over a 30 day period in early wet season, late wet season and dry season. <br />
** Potential sources at each location share responsibility for monitoring- City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County stormwater outfalls and landfills, livestock operators and manure applicators.<br />
** Monitor for at least 3 years, then Water Board determines the need to continue or modify requirements. Monitoring results incorporated into MS4 Stormwater Permit and Waste Discharge Requirement annual reports.<br />
* '''Pajaro River sediment TMDL:'''<ref name="Pajaro River(including SanBenito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek)"> [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Pajaro River(Including SanBenito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek)Sediment TMDL- Final Project Report].</ref><br />
** No specific monitoring program exists to measure sediment numeric target. <br />
** Water Board staff relay on site assessment, photo documentation and annual reporting required by Agricultural Waiver Program for Irrigated Agriculture, Timber Harvest Monitoring Plan for forested land, monitoring and reporting by municipalities for Stormwater Program, and monitoring plans required for sand and gravel mining activities. <br />
** Monitoring plan needs to be developed within 5 years and will build upon existing monitoring. Monitoring data reviewed every 3 years for regional stormwater permit. Additional monitoring can be requested under section 13383 of California Water Code.<br />
** 45 year implementation time frame.<br />
* '''Pajaro River nitrate TMDL:'''<br />
** ...<br />
* '''San Lorenzo Rver sediment TMDL:'''<br />
** ...<br />
The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day]<br />
* [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm CWC Clean Streams Project]<br />
* [http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/ National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)]<br />
* [http://www.cclean.org/ Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)]<br />
* [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/ Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)]<br />
* [http://www.ccwqp.org/ Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring]<br />
* [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx Department of Health Services]<br />
* [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/ Department of Pesticide Regulation]<br />
* [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117 State Mussel Watch]<br />
* [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117 State Toxic Substances Monitoring]<br />
* [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/ Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program]<br />
<br />
=== Approaches to developing Implementation Plans ===<br />
<br />
Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far.<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-15T16:49:25Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: RH. Mainly working on: tmdl develop and implement bullets <br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and the 2006 report can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]. A report explaining TMDL progress since 1996 can be viewed here [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/2008_0409_draft_integrated_report.pdf here], recommended changes since the 2006 list can be viewed [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_a.pdf here], and explanations and appendices for each category of listing can be viewed: [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_b.shtml Category 2],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_c.shtml Category 3],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_d.shtml Category 4A], [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml Category 5]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,High Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, Low Priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,Low Priority <br />
** Dieldrin, Low Priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, Low Priority <br />
** Endrin, Low Priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Low Priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, Low Priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, High Priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, Low Priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* Wet and dry season sampling for fecal bacteria - used to confirm the existence of a potential pathogen problem in the water body. (Watsonville Slough)<br />
* Genetic testing - used as source analysis for coliform bacteria. (Watsonville Slough)<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<last edited by Cooper 090415 @ 9:45><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Specific Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Specific Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Specific Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: Allocations are in the form annual loads.<br />
**Specific Sources: Allocations were divided between each sub-basin (Shingle Mill Creek, Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek and San Lorenzo River. For each sub-basin load sources were divided between Upland THP Roads, Streamside THP Roads on Steep Slopes, Upland Public/Private Roads, Streamside Public/Private Roads on Steep Slopes, THP Land, Other Urban and Rural Land, Mass Wastig and Channel/Bank Erosion. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocations: allocations are in the form of annual load. <br />
**Specific Sources: There are three sources that were specified, General Soils, Roads and Mines.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-15T16:48:59Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: RH. Mainly working on: tmdl develop and implement bullets <br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and the 2006 report can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]. A report explaining TMDL progress since 1996 can be viewed here [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/2008_0409_draft_integrated_report.pdf here], recommended changes since the 2006 list can be viewed [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_a.pdf here], and explanations and appendices for each category of listing can be viewed: [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_b.shtml Category 2],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_c.shtml Category 3],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_d.shtml Category 4A], [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml Category 5]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,High Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, Low Priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,Low Priority <br />
** Dieldrin, Low Priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, Low Priority <br />
** Endrin, Low Priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Low Priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, Low Priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, High Priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, Low Priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* Wet and dry season sampling for fecal bacteria - used to confirm the existence of a potential pathogen problem in the water body. (Watsonville Slough)<br />
* Genetic testing - used as source analysis for coliform bacteria. (Watsonville Slough)<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<last edited by Cooper 090414 @ 12:15><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Specific Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Specific Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Specific Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: Allocations are in the form annual loads.<br />
**Specific Sources: Allocations were divided between each sub-basin (Shingle Mill Creek, Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek and San Lorenzo River. For each sub-basin load sources were divided between Upland THP Roads, Streamside THP Roads on Steep Slopes, Upland Public/Private Roads, Streamside Public/Private Roads on Steep Slopes, THP Land, Other Urban and Rural Land, Mass Wastig and Channel/Bank Erosion. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocations: allocations are in the form of annual load. <br />
**Specific Sources: There are three sources that were specified, General Soils, Roads and Mines.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-15T16:47:34Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: RH. Mainly working on: tmdl develop and implement bullets <br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and the 2006 report can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]. A report explaining TMDL progress since 1996 can be viewed here [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/2008_0409_draft_integrated_report.pdf here], recommended changes since the 2006 list can be viewed [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_a.pdf here], and explanations and appendices for each category of listing can be viewed: [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_b.shtml Category 2],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_c.shtml Category 3],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_d.shtml Category 4A], [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml Category 5]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,High Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, Low Priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,Low Priority <br />
** Dieldrin, Low Priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, Low Priority <br />
** Endrin, Low Priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Low Priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, Low Priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, High Priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, Low Priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* Wet and dry season sampling for fecal bacteria - used to confirm the existence of a potential pathogen problem in the water body. (Watsonville Slough)<br />
* Genetic testing - used as source analysis for coliform bacteria. (Watsonville Slough)<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<last edited by Cooper 090414 @ 12:15><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: Allocations are in the form annual loads.<br />
**Divide Among Sources: Allocations were divided between each sub-basin (Shingle Mill Creek, Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek and San Lorenzo River. For each sub-basin load sources were divided between Upland THP Roads, Streamside THP Roads on Steep Slopes, Upland Public/Private Roads, Streamside Public/Private Roads on Steep Slopes, THP Land, Other Urban and Rural Land, Mass Wastig and Channel/Bank Erosion. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocations: allocations are in the form of annual load. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: There are three sources that were specified, General Soils, Roads and Mines.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-15T16:34:52Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: RH. Mainly working on: tmdl develop and implement bullets <br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and the 2006 report can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]. A report explaining TMDL progress since 1996 can be viewed here [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/2008_0409_draft_integrated_report.pdf here], recommended changes since the 2006 list can be viewed [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_a.pdf here], and explanations and appendices for each category of listing can be viewed: [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_b.shtml Category 2],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_c.shtml Category 3],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_d.shtml Category 4A], [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml Category 5]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,High Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, Low Priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,Low Priority <br />
** Dieldrin, Low Priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, Low Priority <br />
** Endrin, Low Priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Low Priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, Low Priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, High Priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, Low Priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* Wet and dry season sampling for fecal bacteria - used to confirm the existence of a potential pathogen problem in the water body. (Watsonville Slough)<br />
* Genetic testing - used as source analysis for coliform bacteria. (Watsonville Slough)<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<last edited by Cooper 090414 @ 12:15><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: Allocations are in the form annual loads.<br />
**Divide Among Sources: Allocations were divided between each sub-basin (Shingle Mill Creek, Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek and San Lorenzo River. For each sub-basin load sources were divided between Upland THP Roads, Streamside THP Roads on Steep Slopes, Upland Public/Private Roads, Streamside Public/Private Roads on Steep Slopes, THP Land, Other Urban and Rural Land, Mass Wastig and Channel/Bank Erosion. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocations:<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-15T16:07:23Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: RH. Mainly working on: tmdl develop and implement bullets <br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and the 2006 report can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]. A report explaining TMDL progress since 1996 can be viewed here [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/2008_0409_draft_integrated_report.pdf here], recommended changes since the 2006 list can be viewed [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_a.pdf here], and explanations and appendices for each category of listing can be viewed: [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_b.shtml Category 2],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_c.shtml Category 3],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_d.shtml Category 4A], [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml Category 5]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,High Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, Low Priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,Low Priority <br />
** Dieldrin, Low Priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, Low Priority <br />
** Endrin, Low Priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Low Priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, Low Priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, High Priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, Low Priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* Wet and dry season sampling for fecal bacteria - used to confirm the existence of a potential pathogen problem in the water body.<br />
* Genetic testing - used as source analysis for coliform bacteria.<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<last edited by Cooper 090414 @ 12:15><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
**Divide Among Sources: Allocations were divided between each sub-basin (Shingle Mill Creek, Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek and San Lorenzo River. For each sub-basin load sources were divided between Upland THP Roads, Streamside THP Roads on Steep Slopes, Upland Public/Private Roads, Streamside Public/Private Roads on Steep Slopes, THP Land, Other Urban and Rural Land, Mass Wastig and Channel/Bank Erosion. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocations:<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-15T15:38:39Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and the 2006 report can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]. A report explaining TMDL progress since 1996 can be viewed here [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/2008_0409_draft_integrated_report.pdf link here], recommended changes since the 2006 list can be viewed [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_a.pdf link here], and explanations and appendices for each category of listing can be viewed: [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_b.shtml link Category 2],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_c.shtml link Category 3],[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_d.shtml link Category 4A], [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml link Category 5]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,High Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, Low Priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,Low Priority <br />
** Dieldrin, Low Priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, Low Priority <br />
** Endrin, Low Priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Low Priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, Low Priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, High Priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, Low Priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* Wet and dry season sampling for fecal bacteria - used to confirm the existence of a potential pathogen problem in the water body.<br />
* Genetic testing - used as source analysis for coliform bacteria.<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<last edited by Cooper 090414 @ 12:15><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocations:<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-15T15:32:56Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,High Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, Low Priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,Low Priority <br />
** Dieldrin, Low Priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, Low Priority <br />
** Endrin, Low Priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Low Priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, Low Priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, High Priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, Low Priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* Wet and dry season sampling for fecal bacteria - used to confirm the existence of a potential pathogen problem in the water body.<br />
* Genetic testing - used as source analysis for coliform bacteria.<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<last edited by Cooper 090414 @ 12:15><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T19:13:14Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<last edited by Cooper 090414 @ 12:15><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T19:03:03Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T19:02:23Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref> <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T19:01:41Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics) <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:58:36Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment (suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics) <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:56:35Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment<br />
The TMDL divided the category of sediment into suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics <br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
**Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
**Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
**Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
**Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to all samples collected in the Watsonville Slough and including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:55:41Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment<br />
The TMDL divided the category of sediment into suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics <br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
**Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
**Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
**Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
**Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to the Watsonville Slough including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:55:19Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment<br />
The TMDL divided the category of sediment into suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics <br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
*Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
**Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to the Watsonville Slough including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:54:55Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment<br />
The TMDL divided the category of sediment into suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics <br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
**Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
**Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to the Watsonville Slough including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:54:31Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment<br />
The TMDL divided the category of sediment into suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics <br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to the Watsonville Slough including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:53:46Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation: The nitrate TMDL is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N in receiving water <br />
**Divide Among Sources: Load allocations of 10 mg/l nitrate-N are assigned to each source, including background and all watershed land uses<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment<br />
The TMDL divided the category of sediment into suspended sediment and stream bed characteristics <br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: The numeric targets are based on exposure index (concentration and duration) developed by Newcombe and Jensen. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: Numeric targets were established for four stream bed parameters. The parameters are residual pool volume, median gravel size in spawning gravels, %fine material for fine fines and %fine material for coarse spawning gravel.<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
***Suspended Sediment: Due to varying natural suspended sediment conditions through out the watershed individual sub-basins were assigned unique load allocation numbers. <br />
***Stream Bed Characteristics: The Pajaro River including Llagas, Rider and San Benito creeks are all considered one source. All of the listed stream bed parameters exists across the different sources. <br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
**Load Allocation: The numeric target includes a maximum concentration and geometric mean. Maximum Concentration: No more than 10% of total samples during a period of 30days can exceed a fecal coliform concentration above 400 MPN/100ml. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of no less than five samples over a period of 30 days exceed a concentration of 200 MPN/100ml. <br />
**Divide Among Sources: The numeric targets apply to the Watsonville Slough including Gallighan, Harkin, Hanson and Struve Sloughs.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* [http://www.ccamp.org Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:04:44Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment<br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
*Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
**Load Allocation:<br />
**Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)[http://www.ccamp.org/]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T18:02:55Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
Pajaro River (including Llagas Creek, Rider Creek and San Benito Creek) TMDL for Sediment<br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
Watsonville Slough TMDL for Pathogens<br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)[http://www.ccamp.org/]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T17:59:19Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
*Divide Among Sources:<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)[http://www.ccamp.org/]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T17:58:40Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
=== TMDL process overview===<br />
<br />
* Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
**Develop schedule<br />
**Implementation Plan<br />
**Develop plan<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.” <br />
<br />
Not all TMDL allocations are in the form of load. The regulations at 40 CFR 130.2 (i) state "a mass load of the pollutant can also be expressed as a unit of concentration." <br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
Pajaro River & Llagas Creek TMDL for Nitrate<br />
*Load Allocation:<br />
*Divide Among Sources<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)[http://www.ccamp.org/]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T17:38:16Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
<This list needs to be reformatted so that it is not in a box><br />
<br />
*Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
-Develop schedule<br />
-Implementation Plan<br />
-Develop plan<br />
<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.”<br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocation techniques used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)[http://www.ccamp.org/]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T17:36:56Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
<This list needs to be reformatted so that it is not in a box><br />
<br />
*Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
-Develop schedule<br />
-Implementation Plan<br />
-Develop plan<br />
<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.”<br />
<br />
The techniques used to allocate new water quality standards vary between TMDL's. Below is a list of some of the of various allocations used in some of the central California coast TMDL's.<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)[http://www.ccamp.org/]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T17:20:23Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
<This list needs to be reformatted so that it is not in a box><br />
<br />
*Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
-Develop schedule<br />
-Implementation Plan<br />
-Develop plan<br />
<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.”<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)[http://www.ccamp.org/]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/TMDLs_in_the_Monterey_Bay_Region_of_CaliforniaTMDLs in the Monterey Bay Region of California2009-04-14T17:19:57Z<p>Cooperf: /* Allocations */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page summarizes the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans in the Monterey Bay region of California. The page is being created by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].<br />
<br />
== Page editing notes & scoring rubric ==<br />
<br />
This section of this page will be deleted once the page is fleshed out. Instructions to students:<br />
<br />
* When you START working on the page, enter your initials here (and save):<br />
** Initials: _VP_____. Mainly working on: __Monitoring/Evaluation_____<br />
** Initials: PKD. Mainly working on: Monterey Bay area listings <br />
** Initials: AAY. Mainly working on: Regionally approved TMDLs considered<br />
* When you're done, remove your initials, and save.<br />
* When done with a session, email everyone to say "I've just added _____".<br />
* There are 8 students. Each student should flesh out one section. The sections should be fleshed out in order if possible. <br />
* As you go, read everyone else's work and edit as necessary.<br />
* The whole page needs to be of good quality for anyone to get a full score. Individuals would only be downgraded if they made only minimal contribution. All would be downgraded if page fell short of being a brief but informative snapshot of a few example TMDLs in our immediate vicinity.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
Under the federal Clean Water Act, all impaired (e.g. polluted) waters in the USA must be placed on a list called the 303d list. A remediation plan must then be developed and implemented for each listing on each impaired water body. These plans are called TMDLs, referring to the goal of defining and achieving a total maximum daily load of each pollutant within each body.<br />
<br />
== Monterey Bay area listings ==<br />
<br />
The 303d for the Central Coast Region of California is maintained by the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and can be viewed [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/303dlists2006/epa/r3_06_303d_reqtmdls.pdf here]<br />
<br />
The closest listings to Monterey Bay include:<br />
<br />
* For each item on this list, we need:<br />
** Water body<br />
** Pollutant<br />
** Priority or category of listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_list.shtml here] for some indication of category.<br />
** Status (in development, approved, by whom, etc)<br />
** Link to 2009 fact sheet for the listing. See [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f.shtml here] for fact sheets.<br />
<br />
* Salinas River (lower, estuary to near Gonzales Rd crossing)[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00860.shtml#5282 Fact Sheet] <br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/salinas_fecal_col_data_anal_rpt_june05_deliverable.pdf Report] <br />
** Nitrate, high priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008">State Water Resources Control Board. 2008. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_e.shtml</ref><br />
** Chloride, medium priority, Category 5A <ref name="List303d2008"/><br />
** Chlorpyrifos, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Enterococcus, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** E. Coli,low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Sodium, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Dissolved Solids, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, low priority, Category 5A<br />
* Watsonville Slough, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00812.shtml Fact Sheet]<br />
** Pathogens, USEPA approved TMDL, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Project Report], low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/watsonville/ph4_prj_rpt_watsonville_slough_pest_update.pdf Preliminary Project Report], low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Ammonia, low priority<br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, low priority <br />
** Diazinon, low priority <br />
** Sediment Toxicity,low priority<br />
** Sedimentation/Siltation, low priority <br />
** Total Coliform, low priority <br />
** pH, low priority <br />
** Pathogens, low priority, Category 5B<br />
** Pesticides, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority, Category 5A<br />
<br />
* Tembladero Slough,[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00856.shtml#5630 Fact Sheet] , <br />
** Fecal Coliform, SWRCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorophyll-a, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Chlorpyrifos, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Diazinon, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A<br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Sediment Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Total Coliform, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Turbidity, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Unknown Toxicity, CCRWQCB approved,high priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, CCRWQCB approved, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nutrients, CCRWQCB approved, high priority, Category 5A <br />
** Pesticides, CCRWQCB approved, Category 5A<br />
* Lower Salinas River and Elkhorn Slough, Pesticides and Priority Organics, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/salinas/CEQA_Summary_2.pdf Project Summary]<br />
* Corralitos Creek, Pathogen, TMDL in Progress, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/corralitos/cor_fec_tmdlatt4_pubnot.pdf Public Hearing Proposed Basin Plan Amendment for Corralitos and Salsipuedes Creek]<br />
*Gabilan Creek, [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d/appendix_f/00865.shtml Fact Sheet] <ref>CCRWQCB</ref><br />
** Fecal Coliform, low priority, Category 5A<br />
** Nitrate,Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** pH, Low Priority, Category 5A<br />
** Boron, low priority <br />
** Chlorophyll-a,low priority <br />
** Dieldrin, low priority <br />
** Electrical Conductivity, low priority <br />
** Endrin, low priority <br />
** Escherichia coli (E. Coli), low priority<br />
** Low Dissolved Oxygen, low priority <br />
** Nitrogen, ammonia, low priority, Category 5A <br />
** Salinity, low priority <br />
<br />
* <need about 20 of these><br />
* You can use automatically end-noted references like this <ref>this is an example refernce</ref><br />
<br />
== TMDL development and implementation ==<br />
<br />
The federal EPA provides protocols for TMDL development in general [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/strathp.pdf here], and for specific types of constituents such as pathogens [http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/pathogen_all.pdf here]. These protocols outline the following components of a TMDL:<br />
<br />
* Identify waters requiring TMDL's<br />
* Priority ranking and targeting<br />
* Develop TMDL's (page 1-4 of this link: http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/nutrient/pdf/nutrient.pdf)<br />
<br />
<This list needs to be reformatted so that it is not in a box><br />
<br />
*Problem Statement<br />
**Identify Problem<br />
*Numeric Targets<br />
**Develop Numeric Targets<br />
**Select indicators<br />
**Identify target values<br />
**Compare existing and target conditions<br />
*Source Assessment<br />
**Identify sources<br />
**Estimate source loadings<br />
*Linkage Analysis <br />
**Link Targets and Sources<br />
**Assess linkages<br />
**Estimate total loading capacity<br />
*Allocations<br />
**Load allocation<br />
**Divide load among sources<br />
*Monitoring/Evaluation Plan<br />
**Devlop monitoring plan<br />
**Develop review plan<br />
-Develop schedule<br />
-Implementation Plan<br />
-Develop plan<br />
<br />
* Implement control action<br />
* Assess control actions<br />
* Build partnerships and involve the public<br />
* Oversee consistent national performance<br />
* Promote and support innovation<br />
<br />
== Approaches to TMDL development and implementation in the Monterey Bay area ==<br />
<br />
Approaches to each of the above components vary throughout the nation. Approaches that have been used in the Monterey Region are summarized as follows:<br />
<br />
=== Regionally approved TMDLs considered ===<br />
<br />
For a full listing of approved TMDLs and developing TMDLs for the State of California<br />
Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board follow this link [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/303d_and_tmdl_projects.shtml CCRWCB]<br />
<br />
State of California Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board approved TMDLs for the Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<ToDo: remove the load numbers from this list (which is just intended to define the scope for the rest of the page), and if applicable, discuss those kinds of details further down in the page><br />
<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Approved at the Federal, State and Regional level<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Approved at the Regional level only.<br />
<br />
=== Problem Identification ===<br />
<br />
<BK plans to start this section><br />
<br />
* Bullet list of approaches used in problem identification, with reference to above list of TMDLs<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
===Numeric Targets ===<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
This topic brings up some important points about the style and audience that we're shooting for here.<br />
I think each of these sections needs to be a bit more prosaic than just a bullet list. It needs to be a bit more explanatory. Learn about your section, then explain it to the audience, citing Monterey Bay TMDLs to provide examples of what you are explaining. Start with some sentences explaining what a numeric target is (or whatever the section is about). Then *discuss* the approaches used. You could have some bulleted facts to support the discussion, but they need to be contextualized within a discussion. I'm thinking of things like this:<br />
"Numeric targets are ........<br />
"Numeric targets in the Monterey Bay area have been specified in several forms, including ........<br />
"...in some cases the target has been expressed in units of concentration (e.g. ug/L), and in other cases.....<br />
...and then give a few examples, using ones closest to Monterey Bay. It doesn't have to be exhaustive I think.<br />
Also, I don't think you should discuss source analysis in the numeric targets section. We have a separate section for source analysis.<br />
Imagine that your reader has just been given the job of setting numeric targets, and wants to read this page to get some ideas for how to go about it.<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
* Watsonville Slough Pathogens TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2006/2006_0025_wat_path_proj_rpt.pdf Final Project Report, DRAFT]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Sources identified to be major contributors are urban stormwater runoff from City of Watsonville and Santa Cruz County, manure applied to agricultural fields, livestock facilities and sanitary sewage collection systems. All are required to meet the following TMDLs<br />
*** Geometric mean 200MPN/100ml (min of 5 samples per 30 days)<br />
*** Maximum of 400MPN/100ml (mot more than 10% of samples per 30 days)<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including San Benito River, Llagas Creek and Rider Creek) Sediment TMDL[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0132_paj_sed_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
**Sediment TMDLs are total for all land uses from individual subwatersheds. Each land use type (agriculture, silviculture, urban/residential, sand and gravel mining, rangeland/grazing, roads and natural erosion) are considered when total annual sediment loads from individual subwatersheds were calculated.<br />
*** Tres Pinos - 53,778 metric tons/year<br />
***San Benito - 39,679 metric tons/year<br />
***Llagas - 9,185 metric tons/year<br />
***Uvas - 15,177 metric tons/year<br />
***Upper Pajaro - 43,951 metric tons/year<br />
***Corralitos (including Rider Creek) - 11,389 metric tons/year<br />
***Mouth of Pajaro - 7,268 metric tons/year<br />
<br />
*Pajaro River (Including Llagas Creek) Nitrate TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2005/2005_0131_paj_nitrate_tmdl_attach_b_final_project_report.pdf Final Project Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** The reports findings state that of the three major contributors of nitrate (urban, agriculture and open space) agriculture is the major contributor and should continue with the Conditional Waiver program to reduce nitrate discharge.<br />
***TMDL for nitrate in Pajaro River and Llagas Creek is set at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/l nitrate-N<br />
<br />
*San Lorenzo River (Including Carbonera Creek, Lompico Creek, and Shingle Mill Creek) Sediment TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0063_slr_sed_tmdl_proj_rpt.pdf Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Major contributors of sediment are timber harvest lands and roads (past and present),raods, mass wastings (land slides), roads, channel errosion and urban land uses. Each land use was considered when developing total annual loads.<br />
***Shingle Mill Creek- 857 tons/year<br />
***Carbonera Creek - 11,728 tons/year<br />
*** Carbonera Creek - 9,542 tons/year<br />
***San Lorenzo River - 306,139 tons/year<br />
*Las Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Mercury TMDL [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/centralcoast/board_decisions/adopted_orders/2002/2002_0107_las_tablas_mercury_tmdl_final_proj_rpt.pdf Draft Report]<ref>Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board 303 (d) Investigations and TMDL Projects</ref><br />
** Mercury was historically mined in this Lake Nacimiento region. This has made it a pollutant of concern. Although these targets have not been approved Federally or from California State, the Regional Board has approved these TMDL standards.<br />
***Target TMDL for water is 0.05 μg/L<br />
***Target TMDL for sediment is 0.486 mg/kg<br />
<br />
===Source Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<SQ plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
===Linkage Analysis ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
=== Allocations ===<br />
<br />
<CF plans to start this section><br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
The allocations indicate the amount of pollutant reduction that is required to attain specified water quality standards. Allocations may be assigned based on land use, land area, or erosional process. The regulations at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 130.2(g) state that “Load allocations are best estimates of the loading, which may range from reasonably accurate estimates to gross allotments, depending on the availability of data and appropriate techniques for predicting the loading.”<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring/Evaluation Plan === <br />
<br />
<The text below seems to be more about monitoring in general. It needs to be more specifically related to TMDLs. i.e. look in some approved TMDL Final Reports, and see what approaches they have used for monitoring plans, and then summarize these apparoaches.><br />
<For example "Several approaches to specifying a monitoring plan have been adopted in approved TMDLS in the Monterey Bay area. For example, the Blah TMDL specifies that.... On the other hand, the Whoopee TMDL, requires that ....."><br />
<br />
State and local monitoring programs collect monthly and annual data for water quality assessment. Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) staff review data to assess whether applicable water quality standards are being exceeded and make recommendations for 303(d)list. The following organizations have contributed monitoring data for Monterey Bay area:<br />
<br />
<The citations in this list are being incorrectly used. They would probably all be better off as normal links, not using 'ref' tags.><br />
<br />
* Central Coast Ambient Monitoring Program (CCAMP)[http://www.ccamp.org/]<br />
* Coastal Watershed Council (CWC) Snap Shot Day [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Snapshot_Day/index.htm]<br />
* CWC Clean Streams Project [http://www.coastal-watershed.org/Programs/Clean_Streams/index.htm]<br />
* National Estuarine Research Reserve Monitoring Program (NERRMP)[http://nerrs.noaa.gov/Monitoring/]<br />
* Central Coast Long Term Environmental Assessment Program (CCLEAN)[http://www.cclean.org/]<br />
* Central Coast Watershed Studies (CCOWS)[http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/]<br />
* Central Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.(CCWQP) Northern and Southern Area Ag-Waiver Monitoring [http://www.ccwqp.org/]<br />
* Department of Health Services [http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/default.aspx]<br />
* Department of Pesticide Regulation [http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/]<br />
* State Mussel Watch [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* State Toxic Substances Monitoring [http://csc-s-maps-q.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas/lawDetails.jsp?lawID=117]<br />
* Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program [http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/bptcp/]<br />
<br />
Monitoring is required to identify impaired waters, prioritize clean up plans and provide feedback on effectiveness of TMDL implementation. TMDLs are evaluated...<br />
<br />
===Implementation Plan ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<Summarize approaches that have been used in TMDLs approved so far><br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class<br />
* ...</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-25T00:22:23Z<p>Cooperf: /* Analysis */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potreo Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potreo Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are identified as the unnatural steps in the curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potreo Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potreo Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. Precipitation is not the only control on flow duration between these watersheds. I also looked at basin size and geology. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and extends well into the Santa Lucia Mountains but is dry nearly 45% more of the time then Pine Creek. If basin size been the dominate control on flow duration I would have expected to see Garzas Creek flowing for long periods of time then the other tributaries. <br />
<br />
The geology is different between the three tributaries. Pine Creek flows through areas of mostly rock outcrop while Garzas and Potreo Creeks flow through more porous substrates. Garzas and Potreo Creek loss water to the aquifer more then Pine Creek. This causes them to have shorter flow durations.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
The precipitation gradient and geology are the dominate controls on flow duration of the north facing tributaries to the Carmel River.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
** Image:Carmel_Watershed_Precipitation.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Precipitation|Precipitation]]<br />
** Image:Geol.Fault.Map.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Geology|Geology]]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T20:16:05Z<p>Cooperf: /* Reference */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are identified as the unnatural steps in the curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. Precipitation is not the only control on flow duration between these watersheds. I also looked at basin size and geology. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and extends well into the Santa Lucia Mountains but is dry nearly 45% more of the time then Pine Creek. Had basin size been the dominate control on flow duration I would have expected to see Garzas Creek flowing for long periods of time then the other tributaries. <br />
<br />
The geology is different between the three tributaries. Pine Creek flows through areas of mostly rock outcrop while Garzas and Potero Creeks flow through more porous substrates. Garzas and POtero Creek loss water to the aquifer more then Pine Creek. This causes them to have shorter flow durations.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
The precipitation gradient and geology are the dominate controls on flow duration of the north facing tributaries to the Carmel River.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
** Image:Carmel_Watershed_Precipitation.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Precipitation|Precipitation]]<br />
** Image:Geol.Fault.Map.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Geology|Geology]]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T20:15:06Z<p>Cooperf: /* Summary */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are identified as the unnatural steps in the curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. Precipitation is not the only control on flow duration between these watersheds. I also looked at basin size and geology. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and extends well into the Santa Lucia Mountains but is dry nearly 45% more of the time then Pine Creek. Had basin size been the dominate control on flow duration I would have expected to see Garzas Creek flowing for long periods of time then the other tributaries. <br />
<br />
The geology is different between the three tributaries. Pine Creek flows through areas of mostly rock outcrop while Garzas and Potero Creeks flow through more porous substrates. Garzas and POtero Creek loss water to the aquifer more then Pine Creek. This causes them to have shorter flow durations.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
The precipitation gradient and geology are the dominate controls on flow duration of the north facing tributaries to the Carmel River.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
** Image:Carmel_Watershed_Precipitation.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Precipitation|Precipitation]]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T20:13:51Z<p>Cooperf: /* Analysis */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are identified as the unnatural steps in the curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. Precipitation is not the only control on flow duration between these watersheds. I also looked at basin size and geology. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and extends well into the Santa Lucia Mountains but is dry nearly 45% more of the time then Pine Creek. Had basin size been the dominate control on flow duration I would have expected to see Garzas Creek flowing for long periods of time then the other tributaries. <br />
<br />
The geology is different between the three tributaries. Pine Creek flows through areas of mostly rock outcrop while Garzas and Potero Creeks flow through more porous substrates. Garzas and POtero Creek loss water to the aquifer more then Pine Creek. This causes them to have shorter flow durations.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
** Image:Carmel_Watershed_Precipitation.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Precipitation|Precipitation]]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T20:13:32Z<p>Cooperf: /* Analysis */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are identified as the unnatural steps in the curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. Precipitation is not the only control on flow duration between these watersheds. I also looked at basin size and geology. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and extends well into the Santa Lucia Mountains but is dry nearly 45% more of the time then Pine Creek. Had basin size been the dominate control on flow duration I would have expected to see Garzas Creek flowing for long periods of time then the other tributaries. <br />
<br />
The geology is different between the three tributaries. Pine Creek flows through areas of mostly rock outcrop while Garzas and Potero Creeks flow through more porous substrates. Garzas and POtero Creek loss water to the aquifer more then Pine Creek. This causes them to have shorter flow durations.<br />
<br />
I conclude that geology and the precipitation gradient are the dominate controls on the flow duration of the north facing tributaries of the Carmel River.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
** Image:Carmel_Watershed_Precipitation.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Precipitation|Precipitation]]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:14:39Z<p>Cooperf: /* Reference */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
** Image:Carmel_Watershed_Precipitation.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Precipitation|Precipitation]]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:14:15Z<p>Cooperf: /* Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:13:30Z<p>Cooperf: /* Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
*Image:Carmel_Watershed_Precipitation.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Precipitation|Precipitation]] <br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:13:16Z<p>Cooperf: /* Analysis */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:12:43Z<p>Cooperf: /* Analysis */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed.<br />
<br />
Image:Carmel_Watershed_Precipitation.png|[[Carmel River Watershed: Map of Precipitation|Precipitation]] <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:11:35Z<p>Cooperf: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:11:03Z<p>Cooperf: /* Analysis */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. I choose only tributaries with north draining watersheds because they all have their headwaters in the wetter southern portion of the watershed. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:10:11Z<p>Cooperf: /* Summary */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
Based on flow duration analysis of Pine, Garzas and Potero Creeks the precipitation gradient across the watershed appears to be the major control on the length of time north draining creeks flow per year.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:08:23Z<p>Cooperf: /* Analysis */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. <br />
<br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
<br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
<br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
<br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T18:07:38Z<p>Cooperf: /* Analysis */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
Pine, Garzas and Potero Creek are three tributaries to the main stem of the Carmel River. Pine Creek is the first gauged tributary with a north draining watershed. It enters the river in the upper portion of watershed between the Los Padres and San Clemente dams. Garzas Creek is also a north draining watershed and enters the river below the USGS gauge at Rosies bridge and above the MPWMD gauge and Don Juan bridge. Potero Creek is the southern most north draining gauged watershed and enters the river very near the downstream USGS gauge. <br />
Each curve has a relatively smooth curve indicative of un-managed watersheds. All three of the tributaries have gone dry sometime between 1992 and 2008. <br />
Pine creek is only dry in drought years with flow being recorded at the site for roughly 92% of the time. The flow at the lower and upper end has a distinctive step pattern. Flows at the lower end of the gauge were estimated for almost three months. From June through December of 1994 the flow was estimated with nearly all of August and September being estimated at 0.01 cfs. The creek spends almost a month of every year flowing at 0.01 cfs before going dry. These periods of estimated flow are not completely representative of natural flow and are represented as unnatural on the duration curve. <br />
Garzas Creek is dry about 49% of the time and Potero Creek is dry 30% of the time. The flow duration of these three tributaries correlates well with the precipitation gradient of the watershed. Pine Creek receives the most precipitation and flows the longest during the year. Potero Creek receives the least precipitation and flows the least. Grazas falls somewhere in the middle. <br />
I did not correct for basin size because I wanted to see if basin size was going to over ride the influence of the precipitation gradient. It did not, Garzas Creek has the largest watershed area and flows nearly 50% less time during the year then Pine Creek. <br />
This analysis did not take all factors concerning flow into account but the pattern of flow duration annually fits with the gradient of precipitation within the watershed.<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]<br />
* [[Carmel River Watershed: Flow Duration Analyses]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T17:30:25Z<p>Cooperf: /* Hydrologic Setting */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There is a strong precipitation gradiant within the watershed with most of the rain falling in the southern portion in the mountains and less near the mouth of the river at lower elevations. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/How_to_save_an_Excel_chart_directly_to_an_image_fileHow to save an Excel chart directly to an image file2009-02-24T17:26:58Z<p>Cooperf: /* Option 1 */</p>
<hr />
<div>Its very handy to be able to convert Excel charts directly to image files, so you can do things like post the on wiki pages.<br />
<br />
The best format for this is PNG, since it handles fonts, lines, and images all at once. Formats like GIF, BMP, and JPG are not as good, because they only store images, and the convert fonts and lines to ugly looking images before saving them. PDF is ok, but not as versatile for rapid viewing and thumbnailing on web pages, or embedding in other documents.<br />
<br />
There are many ways to do export from Excel charts to images.<br />
<br />
== Option 1 ==<br />
<br />
This is perhaps the best option.<br />
<br />
# In Excel:<br />
## Select the chart<br />
## Select Save As<br />
## Change file type to "Web page (*.htm)"<br />
## Change options to save "Selection"<br />
## Enter file name "tmp.htm"<br />
## Select OK, or Publish or whatever is needed to say you're done.<br />
# Then, in Windows Explorer:<br />
## Look for tmp.htm<br />
## Look for a folder in the same place called "tmp_files"<br />
## Look for image files in that folder, preferably the PNG, since this will be best quality<br />
### If no PNG appears, then you need to change Excel Options (see below), and start over<br />
## Put the PNG where you need it<br />
## Delete tmp.htm (this wil also delete the tmp_files folder<br />
# Changing Excel Options to save web pages with PNG images (see above)<br />
## In Excel 2003 and earlier:<br />
### Tools --> Options --> select the General tab --> click Web Options --> select Browsers tab --> under options select "Allow PNG as a graphics format" check box <br />
## In Excel 2007:<br />
### This might work:<br />
#### Menu --> Windows Symbol --> Excel Options --> Advanced --> General --> Web Options --> "Allow PNG as Graphics Format"<br />
<br />
== Option 2 ==<br />
<br />
Write a script to do it:<br />
<br />
<nowiki><br />
Sub export()<br />
fileSave = Application.GetSaveAsFilename( _<br />
InitialFileName:="xlchart.png", _<br />
fileFilter:="PNG File (*.png), *.png,GIF File (*.gif), *.gif")<br />
If fileSave <> False Then<br />
ActiveChart.export fileSave, Right(fileSave, 3)<br />
End If<br />
End Sub <br />
</nowiki><br />
<br />
This is from http://www.bogleheads.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=639&sid=defa2b6c9c83f466e05de8ec2c66b3de<br />
<br />
I haven't tried it, but it looks very promising for geeky types.<br />
<br />
== Option 3 ==<br />
<br />
Save to PDF, and then save PDF as PNG. Not bad, but requires that you manually crop your image out of the PDF page.<br />
<br />
== Option 4 ==<br />
<br />
Copy and paste to image program like Paint or PhotoShop. Ugly, because it rasterizes the fonts and lines.<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[Gabilan Watershed: Flow duration analysis|Example of where such an image has been used (using Option 1 above)]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/How_to_save_an_Excel_chart_directly_to_an_image_fileHow to save an Excel chart directly to an image file2009-02-24T17:26:40Z<p>Cooperf: /* Option 1 */</p>
<hr />
<div>Its very handy to be able to convert Excel charts directly to image files, so you can do things like post the on wiki pages.<br />
<br />
The best format for this is PNG, since it handles fonts, lines, and images all at once. Formats like GIF, BMP, and JPG are not as good, because they only store images, and the convert fonts and lines to ugly looking images before saving them. PDF is ok, but not as versatile for rapid viewing and thumbnailing on web pages, or embedding in other documents.<br />
<br />
There are many ways to do export from Excel charts to images.<br />
<br />
== Option 1 ==<br />
<br />
This is perhaps the best option.<br />
<br />
# In Excel:<br />
## Select the chart<br />
## Select Save As<br />
## Change file type to "Web page (*.htm)"<br />
## Change options to save "Selection"<br />
## Enter file name "tmp.htm"<br />
## Select OK, or Publish or whatever is needed to say you're done.<br />
# Then, in Windows Explorer:<br />
## Look for tmp.htm<br />
## Look for a folder in the same place called "tmp_files"<br />
## Look for image files in that folder, preferably the PNG, since this will be best quality<br />
### If no PNG appears, then you need to change Excel Options (see below), and start over<br />
## Put the PNG where you need it<br />
## Delete tmp.htm (this wil also delete the tmp_files folder<br />
# Changing Excel Options to save web pages with PNG images (see above)<br />
## In Excel 2003 and earlier:<br />
### Tools --> Options --> select the General tab --> click Web Options --> select Browsers tab --><br />
under options select "Allow PNG as a graphics format" check box <br />
## In Excel 2007:<br />
### This might work:<br />
#### Menu --> Windows Symbol --> Excel Options --> Advanced --> General --> Web Options --> "Allow PNG as Graphics Format"<br />
<br />
== Option 2 ==<br />
<br />
Write a script to do it:<br />
<br />
<nowiki><br />
Sub export()<br />
fileSave = Application.GetSaveAsFilename( _<br />
InitialFileName:="xlchart.png", _<br />
fileFilter:="PNG File (*.png), *.png,GIF File (*.gif), *.gif")<br />
If fileSave <> False Then<br />
ActiveChart.export fileSave, Right(fileSave, 3)<br />
End If<br />
End Sub <br />
</nowiki><br />
<br />
This is from http://www.bogleheads.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=639&sid=defa2b6c9c83f466e05de8ec2c66b3de<br />
<br />
I haven't tried it, but it looks very promising for geeky types.<br />
<br />
== Option 3 ==<br />
<br />
Save to PDF, and then save PDF as PNG. Not bad, but requires that you manually crop your image out of the PDF page.<br />
<br />
== Option 4 ==<br />
<br />
Copy and paste to image program like Paint or PhotoShop. Ugly, because it rasterizes the fonts and lines.<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[Gabilan Watershed: Flow duration analysis|Example of where such an image has been used (using Option 1 above)]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/How_to_save_an_Excel_chart_directly_to_an_image_fileHow to save an Excel chart directly to an image file2009-02-24T17:26:25Z<p>Cooperf: /* Option 1 */</p>
<hr />
<div>Its very handy to be able to convert Excel charts directly to image files, so you can do things like post the on wiki pages.<br />
<br />
The best format for this is PNG, since it handles fonts, lines, and images all at once. Formats like GIF, BMP, and JPG are not as good, because they only store images, and the convert fonts and lines to ugly looking images before saving them. PDF is ok, but not as versatile for rapid viewing and thumbnailing on web pages, or embedding in other documents.<br />
<br />
There are many ways to do export from Excel charts to images.<br />
<br />
== Option 1 ==<br />
<br />
This is perhaps the best option.<br />
<br />
# In Excel:<br />
## Select the chart<br />
## Select Save As<br />
## Change file type to "Web page (*.htm)"<br />
## Change options to save "Selection"<br />
## Enter file name "tmp.htm"<br />
## Select OK, or Publish or whatever is needed to say you're done.<br />
# Then, in Windows Explorer:<br />
## Look for tmp.htm<br />
## Look for a folder in the same place called "tmp_files"<br />
## Look for image files in that folder, preferably the PNG, since this will be best quality<br />
### If no PNG appears, then you need to change Excel Options (see below), and start over<br />
## Put the PNG where you need it<br />
## Delete tmp.htm (this wil also delete the tmp_files folder<br />
# Changing Excel Options to save web pages with PNG images (see above)<br />
## In Excel 2003 and earlier:<br />
### Tools --> Options --> select the General tab --> click Web Options --> select Browsers tab --><br />
--> under options select "Allow PNG as a graphics format" check box <br />
## In Excel 2007:<br />
### This might work:<br />
#### Menu --> Windows Symbol --> Excel Options --> Advanced --> General --> Web Options --> "Allow PNG as Graphics Format"<br />
<br />
== Option 2 ==<br />
<br />
Write a script to do it:<br />
<br />
<nowiki><br />
Sub export()<br />
fileSave = Application.GetSaveAsFilename( _<br />
InitialFileName:="xlchart.png", _<br />
fileFilter:="PNG File (*.png), *.png,GIF File (*.gif), *.gif")<br />
If fileSave <> False Then<br />
ActiveChart.export fileSave, Right(fileSave, 3)<br />
End If<br />
End Sub <br />
</nowiki><br />
<br />
This is from http://www.bogleheads.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=639&sid=defa2b6c9c83f466e05de8ec2c66b3de<br />
<br />
I haven't tried it, but it looks very promising for geeky types.<br />
<br />
== Option 3 ==<br />
<br />
Save to PDF, and then save PDF as PNG. Not bad, but requires that you manually crop your image out of the PDF page.<br />
<br />
== Option 4 ==<br />
<br />
Copy and paste to image program like Paint or PhotoShop. Ugly, because it rasterizes the fonts and lines.<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
<br />
* [[Gabilan Watershed: Flow duration analysis|Example of where such an image has been used (using Option 1 above)]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/File:Flowduration_30297_image001.pngFile:Flowduration 30297 image001.png2009-02-24T17:16:18Z<p>Cooperf: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T17:16:01Z<p>Cooperf: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image001.png|600px]]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T16:56:13Z<p>Cooperf: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:flowduration_30297_image.png|600px]]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]</div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/File:Flowduration_30297_image001.gifFile:Flowduration 30297 image001.gif2009-02-24T16:49:56Z<p>Cooperf: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Cooperfhttp://ccows.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Carmel_River_Watershed:_Potero,_Pine_and_Garzas_Creeks_Flow_Duration_AnalysisCarmel River Watershed: Potero, Pine and Garzas Creeks Flow Duration Analysis2009-02-24T16:44:50Z<p>Cooperf: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:image001.png|600px]]]<br />
<br />
== Hydrologic Setting ==<br />
The Carmel River begins in the Santa Lucia Mountains, flowing northwest through the Carmel Valley and drains into the Carmel Lagoon and eventually the ocean at Carmel State Beach. There are two dams in the watershed. The first dam is the San Clemente dam, built in 1921 for the storage of drinking water and flood control. Los Padres dame was built in 1949 to try and slow the loss of capacity in San Clemente dam due to sedimentation. As the Carmel River runs through the Carmel Valley it supplies water to the Carmel Aquifer. This aquifer is the major source of water for the towns of Carmel-by-the-sea, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Monterey and parts of Seaside. The Carmel River and Carmel Lagoon are some of the best remaining steelhead habitat on the central California Coast. Attempting to manage the watershed as a source of municipal water and steelhead habitat has caused it to be one of the most monitored watersheds in central California. There is an extensive network of flow gauges between the US Geological Survey and Monterey Peninsula Water Management District.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
<br />
==Summary==<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
** CSUMB-CCoWS Carmel Watershed Assessment<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf Physical and Hydrological Assessment Report]<br />
*** [http://ccows.csumb.edu/home/proj/2003/crwa/crwa.htm Poster map set]<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
<br />
* The Carmel River Watershed: [http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/maps/crwa/Poster/Carmel_Map1-2_36x44.pdf]<br />
* The network of USGS and MPWMD gauges: [[Image:Carmel MPWMD Gages Map FromUnknownReport.jpg|200px]]</div>Cooperf