Federal legislation and executive orders relating to federal lands in California's Central Coast region

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An environmental summary by the ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems class at CSUMB.

The following acts relate to the following federal entities which in turn affect federal lands in California's Central Coast region that are under the control of the various entities.

Federal laws involving The National Park Service and U.S. Bureau of Land Management

  • The Antiquities Act of 1906 [1]
  • 26 Stat. 478, 16 USC 41 [4] [5]
  • 54 Stat. 41, 16 USC 80a [6]
  • Public Law 96-199 [7]
  • Federal Property Act of 1949 [8]
    • The purpose of this act is to help increase local recreation opportunities while reducing the federal government’s inventory of real property. This program has transferred about 184,000 acres of land to date to state and local governments for parks and recreation use.
  • The Wilderness Act of 1964 [9]
    • A law that created the legal definition of wilderness in the U.S., which protects 9.1 million acres (37,000 km²) of federal land. The definition is as follows; "A wilderness, in contrast with those areas where man and his own works dominate the landscape, is hereby recognized as an area where the earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man, where man himself is a visitor who does not remain." - Howard Zahniser

Federal laws involving United States Forest Service (USFS)

Federal

  • Forest Reserve Act of 1891 [10]
  • The Transfer Act of 1905 [12]
    • This act "unified" all Federal forest management under the Department of Agriculture. [13]. This allowed the former Bureau of Forestry to be established as the Forest Service on July 1, 1905.
  • The Weeks Act of 1911 [14]
    • This act created a true national forest system where the federal government was allowed to purchase and maintain land in the eastern U.S. Prior to this act, local and federal governments did not own substantial land east of the Mississippi River [15]
  • The Multiple Use - Sustained Yield Act of 1960 [16]
    • Authorizes and directs the Secretary of Agriculture to develop and administer the renewable resources of timber, range, water, recreation and wildlife on the national forests for multiple use and sustained yield of the products and services.
  • The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1970 [17]
    • NEPA was enacted to establish a national policy for the environment and to provide additional support for the establishment of the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ). NEPA was the first major environmental law in the United States [18]
  • The National Forest Management Act (NFMA) of 1976 [19]
  • The Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 [21]
    • This law revised the authority of the United States Forest Service to provide financial and technical assistance to states and private landowners on a variety of forestry issues, including forest management and stewardship, fire protection, insect and disease control, reforestation and stand improvement, and urban forestry.

State/Local

  • The Wilderness Act of 1964 [22]
    • A law that created the legal definition of wilderness in the U.S., which protects 9.1 million acres (37,000 km²) of federal land. The definition is as follows; "A wilderness, in contrast with those areas where man and his own works dominate the landscape, is hereby recognized as an area where the earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man, where man himself is a visitor who does not remain." - Howard Zahniser.
    • This law established the National Wilderness Preservation System which helped create the following wilderness areas;
  • Ventana Wilderness Act of 1964 [23]
  • Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 [24]
    • authorizes long-range planning by the United States Forest Service to protect, develop, and enhance the productivity and other values of forest resources. It requires that a renewable resource assessment and a Forest Service plan be prepared every ten and five years, respectively, to plan and prepare for the future of natural resources.
  • Endangered American Wilderness Act of 1978 [25]
    • Established ten new designated Wilderness Areas in the National Forests of several Western states. In California, it created the following;
      • 306,000 acre Golden Trout Wilderness in the Inyo and Sequoia National Forests
      • 21,250 acre Santa Lucia Wilderness in the Los Padres National Forest
      • 61,000 acre Ventana Wilderness in the Los Padres National Forest
  • California Wilderness Act of 1984 [26]
    • This act authorized the addition of over 3 million acres (12,000 km2) [1] within the state of California to the National Wilderness Preservation System. It created the following;
  • The Los Padres Condor Range and River Protection Act of 1992 [27]
    • Established six new designated Wilderness Areas and three new designated Wild and Scenic Rivers in the Los Padres National Forest and Angeles National Forest in California. These include the following:
      • Chumash Wilderness (38,150 acres (154 km2) in the Mt. Pinos Ranger District, just west of Mount Pinos)
      • Garcia Wilderness (14,100 acres (57 km2) in the Lucia District)
      • Machesna Mountain Wilderness (19,880 acres (80 km2), in the La Panza Range in San Luis Obispo County)
      • Matilija Wilderness (29,600 acres (120 km2) in the Ojai Ranger District)
      • Sespe Wilderness (219,700 acres (889 km2), in both the Ojai and Mt. Pinos Ranger Districts)
      • Silver Peak Wilderness (31,555 acres (128 km2), in the Monterey District)
      • Sisquoc River - 33 miles (Wild River)
      • Sespe Creek - 31.5 miles (4 miles as a Scenic River and 27.5 miles as a Wild River)
      • Big Sur River - 19.5 miles (Wild River)
  • Big Sur Wilderness and Conservation Act of 2002 [28]

Federal laws involving The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

  • National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966 [29]
    • This act establishes the guidelines and directives for administration and management of all areas in National Wildlife Refuge system including "wildlife refuges, areas for the protection and conservation of fish and wildlife that are threatened with extinction, wildlife ranges, game ranges, wildlife management areas, and waterfowl production areas.
  • National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act [30]
    • Amends the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966 in a manner that provides an “Organic Act” for the Refuge System.

Federal laws involving the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Related links

References

  1. https://www.nps.gov/history/local-law/anti1906.htm
  2. https://www.nps.gov/archeology/tools/laws/AntAct.htm
  3. https://www.mercurynews.com/2012/12/31/bill-creating-pinnacles-national-park-awaits-obamas-signature/
  4. https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/management/enabling-legislation.htm#:~:text=California%20Wilderness%20Act%20of%201984,Establishes%20Sequoia%2FKings%20Canyon%20Wilderness.
  5. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/16/41
  6. https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/management/enabling-legislation.htm#:~:text=California%20Wilderness%20Act%20of%201984,Establishes%20Sequoia%2FKings%20Canyon%20Wilderness.
  7. https://www.nps.gov/chis/learn/historyculture/park-history.htm
  8. https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1508/index.htm
  9. https://wilderness.net/learn-about-wilderness/key-laws/wilderness-act/default.php
  10. https://web.archive.org/web/20100217050446/http://www.fs.fed.us/gpnf/forest-research/heritage/early1.html#top
  11. https://www.wilderness.org/articles/article/how-america-started-saving-national-forests
  12. https://foresthistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Transfer_Act_1905.pdf
  13. https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fsbdev3_004814.pdf
  14. https://foresthistory.org/research-explore/us-forest-service-history/policy-and-law/the-weeks-act/
  15. https://www.plymouth.edu/mwm/the-weeks-act-of-1911/
  16. https://www.fs.fed.us/emc/nfma/includes/musya60.pdf
  17. https://ceq.doe.gov/#:~:text=Congress%20enacted%20NEPA%20to%20establish,Carta%22%20of%20Federal%20environmental%20laws.
  18. https://ceq.doe.gov
  19. https://www.sierraforestlegacy.org/FC_LawsPolicyRegulations/FPP_NFMA.php
  20. https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fseprd583096.pdf
  21. https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Cooperative%20Forestry%20Assistance%20Act%20Of%201978.pdf
  22. https://wilderness.net/learn-about-wilderness/key-laws/wilderness-act/default.php
  23. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/statement-signing-bill-designating-the-ventana-wilderness-california
  24. https://www.fs.fed.us/emc/nfma/includes/range74.pdf
  25. https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/95/hr3454
  26. https://www.congress.gov/bill/98th-congress/house-bill/1437
  27. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-106/pdf/STATUTE-106-Pg242.pdf
  28. https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/house-bill/4750
  29. https://www.fws.gov/laws/lawsdigest/nwrsact.html
  30. https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Salinas_River/1997Act.html
  31. https://montereybay.noaa.gov/resourcepro/regs-boundry.html#:~:text=Overview,for%20their%20management%20and%20protection.
  32. https://nmschannelislands.blob.core.windows.net/channelislands-prod/media/archive/sac/pdfs/gjfr_99.pdf
  33. https://coast.noaa.gov/czm/act/

Disclaimer

This page may contain student work completed as part of assigned coursework. It may not be accurate. It does not necessary reflect the opinion or policy of CSUMB, its staff, or students.