Salmonids in California's Central Coast Region: Salmon, Trout, and Steelhead

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An environmental summary created by the ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems class at CSUMB.

Summary

Salmon, trout and steelhead are all members of the taxonomic family Salmonidae or Salmonids (plural noun). Many species of salmonids are strictly anadromous, however, there are species which do not express an anadromous life history. Furthermore, sibling rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) which come from the same parents can exhibit different life histories where one shows anadromy and the other remains in the stream as a resident trout.

The California Central Coast (CCC) Region supports two species of salmonids: rainbow trout and Coho salmon. While they are known to reproduce in similar habitats, only a limited number of coastal watersheds in the region still support both species.

Rainbow Trout & Steelhead

Southern California Coast Steelhead DPS

The Steelhead subspecies present in the CCC region are divided into three Distinct Population Segments (DPS): Central California Coast Steelhead[1] (STCCC), South-Central California Coast Steelhead [2] (STSCC), and Southern California Coast Steelhead [3](STSCA).


Protection Status of Steelhead Distinct Population Segments (DPS)
DPS CESA Status ESA Status
Central California Coast Steelhead (STCCC) [1] NONE Threatened [4]
South-Central California Coast Steelhead (STSCC) [2] NONE Threatened [4]
Southern California Coast Steelhead (STSCA) [3] NONE Endangered [4]

Coho Salmon

Extant populations of Coho salmon are found in coastal streams of San Mateo and Santa Cruz counties. Originally listed as threatened on the ESA in 1996, the Central California Coast Coho Salmon (COCCC) DPS protection status was reclassified to endangered in 2005. The Central California Coast Coho Salmon [5] (COCCC) DPS is the only extant population segment of Coho salmon in the Central California Coast Region, Coho Salmon in the Central Coast.

Protection Status of Steelhead Distinct Population Segments (DPS)
DPS CESA Status ESA Status
Central California Coast Coho Salmon (COCCC) [5] Endangered [6] Endangered [4]

DPS Populations in the CCC Region

Anadromous Populations in California's Central Coast Hydrologic Region [5][1][2][3]
Hydrological Feature COCCC STCCC STSCC STSCA
Gazos Creek X X
Waddell Creek X X
Scott Creek X X
San Vicente Creek X X
Laguna Creek X
San Lorenzo River X X
Soquel Creek X X
Aptos Creek X X
Pajaro River X
Salinas River X
Carmel River X
San Jose Creek X
Garrapata Creek X
Rocky Creek X
Bixby Creek X
Little Sur River X
Big Sur River X
Big Creek X
Limekiln Creek X
Prewitt Creek X
Willow Creek X
Salmon Creek X
San Carpoforo Creek X
Arroyo de la Cruz X
Little Pico Creek X
Pico Creek X
San Simeon Creek X
Santa Rosa Creek X
Villa Creek X
Cayuctos Creek X
Toro Creek X
Old Creek X
Morro Creek X
Morro Bay Complex X
San Luis Obispo, Pismo, and Arroyo Grande Creek X
Jalama Creek X
Santa Anita Creek X
Gaviota Creek X
Arroyo Hondo X
Tecolote Canyon X
Goleta Slough Complex X
Mission Creek X
Montecito Creek X
Carpinteria Creek X
Rincon Creek X

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Final Coastal Multispecies Recovery Plan for the California Coastal Chinook Salmon, Northern California Steelhead and Central California Coast Steelhead. 2016. National Marine Fisheries Service.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 South-Central California Coast Steelhead Recovery Plan. 2013. National Marine Fisheries Service
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Southern California Steelhead Recovery Plan Summary. 2012. National Marine Fisheries Service.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Federal Endangered Species Act. 1973. United States Environmental Protection Agency.https://www.fws.gov/endangered/laws-policies/regulations-and-policies.html.
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Recovery Plan for the Evolutionarily Significant Unit of Central California Coast Coho Salmon. 2012. National Marine Fisheries Service.
  6. Listing of Endangered Species, California Endangered Species Act. 1970. California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/CESA/FESA.