|
|
| (29 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | A [[Watershed Issues|watershed-related issue]] examined by the [[ENVS 560/L Watershed Systems]] class at [http://csumb.edu CSUMB].
| + | =Legal Background= |
| | + | Since 1999, certain counties and cities are required by [[Urban stormwater regulations applicable to central coast region|Phase II of Section 402]] of the [[Clean Water Act]] to have storm water management plans (SWMP). <ref> [http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/guidance/wetlands/section402.cfm Clean Water Act, Section 402] </ref> |
| | | | |
| | + | =County Regulations= |
| | | | |
| | + | '''Santa Cruz County Code''' |
| | | | |
| | + | Santa Cruz County has its own regulations for stormwater that apply to all cities and unincorporated municipalities. |
| | | | |
| | + | [http://www.codepublishing.com/ca/santacruzcounty/ Chapter 7.79: Runoff and Pollution Control] |
| | | | |
| − | =Overview of Santa Cruz County= | + | =Affected Municipalities= |
| − | The [http://www.co.santa-cruz.ca.us/ County of Santa Cruz] is located on California's Central Coast just over 70 miles south of San Francisco; 30 miles southwest of San Jose; and 43 miles north of Monterey. It is bordered by the San Mateo County to the north, Santa Clara County to the east, Monterey County to the south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. The peak of the Santa Cruz Mountain Range is over 2,600 feet. The climate is generally Mediterranean but has low humidity. The mean annual precipitation is 31 inches, occurring predominantly between November and April <ref>[http://www.usclimatedata.com/climate.php?location=USCA1020 Climate Data]</ref>. All urban runoff eventually flows to the [http://montereybay.noaa.gov/ Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary] (MBNMS), a federally protected marine area of biological and economical importance along the Central Coast of California (see [[Urban stormwater management in the Monterey Bay region]]).
| + | Santa Cruz County has four incorporated cities including Scotts Valley, Santa Cruz, Capitola, and Wastonville, with a combined population of nearly 223,000 inhabitants. The incorporated areas of the county, with a combined total population of approximately 136,000, include Aptos, Ben Lomond, Bonny Doon, Boulder Creek, Brookdale, Corralitos, Davenport, Felton, Freedom, La Selva Beach, Rio Del Mar, Soquel and Zayante, also contribute to runoff issues in the region <ref>[http://www.santacruz.org/press/facts-stats-faqs.php Population Statistics for Incorporated Cities of Santa Cruz County] </ref>. The County of Santa Cruz works with the City of Capitola for all their SWMP development. |
| | | | |
| − | | + | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Scotts Valley|City of Scotts Valley]] |
| − | Santa Cruz County has four incorporated cities including Scotts Valley, Santa Cruz, Capitola, and Wastonville, with a combined population of nearly 223,000 inhabitants <ref>[http://www.santacruz.org/press/facts-stats-faqs.php Population Statistics for Incorporated Cities of Santa Cruz County] </ref>. The incorporated areas of the county, with a combined total population of approximately 136,000, include Aptos, Ben Lomond, Bonny Doon, Boulder Creek, Brookdale, Corralitos, Davenport, Felton, Freedom, La Selva Beach, Rio Del Mar, Soquel and Zayante, also contribute to runoff issues in the region <ref>[http://www.santacruz.org/press/facts-stats-faqs.php Population Statistics for Incorporated Cities of Santa Cruz County] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The details for each municipality's SWMP can be found using the links under the Incorporated Cities section. The County of Santa Cruz works with the City of Capitola for all their SWMP development.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | =Incorporated Cities=
| + | |
| − | [[Image:Countymapweb.jpg|350px|thumb]]
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | [[Image:SCwatersheds.jpg|350px|thumb]]
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * [[Urban stormwater management in the City of Scotts Valley|City of Scotts Valley]] | + | |
| − | **Population: 11,764
| + | |
| − | ***Square miles: 4.6
| + | |
| | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Santa Cruz|City of Santa Cruz]] | | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Santa Cruz|City of Santa Cruz]] |
| − | **Population: 58,982
| |
| − | ***Square miles: 12
| |
| | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Capitola|City of Capitola]] | | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Capitola|City of Capitola]] |
| − | **Population: 10,073
| + | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Watsonville|City of Watsonville]] |
| − | ***Square miles: 1.6
| + | |
| − | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Watsonville|City of Watsonville] | + | |
| − | **Population: 51,882
| + | |
| − | ***Square miles: 5.9
| + | |
| − | <ref>[http://www.santacruz.org/press/facts-stats-faqs.php Population Statistics for Incorporated Cities of Santa Cruz County] </ref>
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | =Regulatory Background=
| + | |
| − | Legislation has been developed by multiple regulatory agencies to reduce the level of pollutants and contaminants entering the Monterey Bay and bodies of water within the San Lorenzo River watershed.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==Federal==
| + | |
| − | '''Clean Water Act, Section 402: National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)''' - The [http://www.epa.gov/ United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)] is required to manage a permit system regulating point sources of water pollution. This system requires industrial and municipal agencies to obtain an NPDES permit before discharging point source pollution into local bodies of water. In addition to regulating pollutant discharge, the permit requires municipal separate storm water systems (MS4s) to develop a Storm Water Management Plan (SWMP) for their region <ref> [http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/guidance/wetlands/section402.cfm Environmental Protection Agency. Clean Water Act Section 402] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | *'''Phase I''' (1990) requires cities and certain counties with populations of 100,000 or more to acquire NPDES permits for their storm water discharges. Phase I MS4s are covered by individual permits <ref> [http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/munic.cfm Stormwater Discharges From Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4s)] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | *'''Phase II''' (1999) requires regulated MS4s for cities and certain counties with populations under 100,000 to acquire NPDES permits for their storm water discharges. Phase II MS4s are covered by a general permit <ref> [http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/munic.cfm Stormwater Discharges From Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4s)] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | '''Endangered Species Act (ESA)''' - The ESA prohibits the impairment of habitats that contain endangered or threatened species <ref> [http://www.fws.gov/endangered/laws-policies/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: Endangered Species Program] </ref>. The San Lorenzo River maintains a population of [http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/fish/steelheadtrout.htm steelhead (''Oncorhynchus mykiss'')], which is listed as threatened under the ESA <ref> [http://ecos.fws.gov/speciesProfile/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: Species Profile] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==State==
| + | |
| − | '''California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB)'''
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | *'''[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/caltrans.shtml CalTrans Program]'''
| + | |
| − | **The [http://www.dot.ca.gov/ California Department of Transportation (CalTrans)] is the governing agency responsible for the management, maintenance, construction, and design of the State highway system, including freeways, bridges, tunnels, CalTrans' facilities, and associated properties. CalTrans is subject to the permitting requirements defined by the Clean Water Act, Section 402(p) NPDES program. Though storm water discharges were originally regulated by individual permits, the State Water Board issued a State-wide permit ([http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/caltrans_permits.shtml CalTrans MS4 Permit Order No. 99-06-DWQ]) which regulated all discharges from Caltrans MS4s, construction activities, and maintenance facilities <ref> [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/caltrans.shtml State Water Resources Control Board, CalTrans Program] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | *'''[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml Construction Storm Water Program]'''
| + | |
| − | **This program requires all construction projects greater than or equal to one acre, as well as projects under one acre that are connected to a larger construction plan, to obtain a General Permit for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Construction Activity ([http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/constpermits.shtml Construction General Permit Order 2009-0009-DWQ]). This permit requires the development and implementation of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), which applies BMPs for runoff associated with the construction project, a visual monitoring program for pollutants (or "non-visual" chemical monitoring program if there are failures of BMPs), and a site map(s) illustrating the construction site perimeter, storm water collection and discharge points, existing and proposed buildings, lots, roadways, general topography both before and after construction, and drainage patterns across the project <ref> [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml State Water Resources Control Board, Construction Storm Water Program] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | *'''[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/industrial.shtml Industrial Storm Water Program]'''
| + | |
| − | **This program requires certain industrial facilities to obtain a General Permit for discharges associated with the facilities industrial activities ([http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/gen_indus.shtml#indus Industrial Storm Water General Permit Order 97-03-DWQ]). The facilities under jurisdiction of this permit include: manufacturing facilities; oil and gas/mining facilities; hazardous waste, treatment, storage, or disposal facilities; landfills, land application sites, and open dumps; recycling facilities; steam electric power generating facilities; transportation facilities; sewage or wastewater treatment works; manufacturing facilities where industrial materials, equipment, or activities are exposed to storm water; and facilities subject to storm water effluent limitations guidelines, new source performance standards, or toxic pollutant effluent standards <ref> [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/docs/induspmt.pdf State Water Resources Control Board, Industrial Storm Water General Permit Order 97-03-DWQ] </ref>. This permit requires management measures that will achieve best available technology (BAT) that is economically achievable and best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). This permit also requires the development and implementation of a SWPPP <ref> [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/industrial.shtml State Water Resources Control Board, Industrial Storm Water Plan] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | *'''[http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/municipal.shtml Municipal Storm Water Program]'''
| + | |
| − | **This program regulates storm water discharge from MS4s, which convey untreated runoff containing pollutants from urbanized areas and areas with impervious surface cover to local bodies of water. MS4 permits are issued in two phases ([http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/phase_i_municipal.shtml Phase I] and [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/phase_ii_municipal.shtml Phase II]), depending on the size of the MS4 (see ''Federal Regulations'' section above). The EPA works with State and Regional water management agencies to administer the NPDES permitting program for municipalities. Some of the requirements of the NPDES permits include the creation of a SWMP, BMPs, and measures to reduce pollutants entering waterways to the maximum extent practicable (MEP) <ref> [http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/municipal.shtml State Water Resources Control Board, Municipal Storm Water Program] </ref>.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==Regional==
| + | |
| − | '''Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB)'''
| + | |
| − | *The Central Coast RWQCB works in conjunction with the EPA to administer the NPDES permitting program.
| + | |
| | | | |
| | ==References== | | ==References== |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | + | |
| | ==Links== | | ==Links== |
| − | *[http://ecoviz.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Urban_storm_water_management_in_the_City_of_Scotts_Valley Urban stormwater management for the City of Scotts Valley] | + | *[[Urban stormwater regulations applicable to central coast region]] |
| − | *[http://ecoviz.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Urban_storm_water_management_in_the_City_of_Santa_Cruz Urban stormwater management for the City of Santa Cruz] | + | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Scotts Valley]] |
| − | *[http://ecoviz.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Urban_storm_water_management_in_the_City_of_Capitola Urban stormwater management for the City of Capitola and Santa Cruz County] | + | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Santa Cruz]] |
| − | *[http://ecoviz.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Urban_storm_water_management_in_the_City_of_Watsonville Urban stormwater management for the City of Watsonville] | + | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Capitola]] |
| − | *[http://ecoviz.csumb.edu/wiki/index.php/Urban_stormwater_management_in_the_Monterey_Bay_region Urban stormwater management for the Monterey Bay region] | + | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Watsonville]] |
| − | *[http://www.co.santa-cruz.ca.us/ SC County Home Page] | + | *[[Urban stormwater management in the Monterey Bay region]] |
| − | *[http://www.dpw.co.santa-cruz.ca.us/npdes/Home.html SC County Public Works Department Storm Water Home Page] | + | *[[Urban stormwater management in the City of Pacific Grove]] |
| | + | *[http://www.co.santa-cruz.ca.us/ Santa Cruz County Home Page] |
| | + | *[http://www.dpw.co.santa-cruz.ca.us/npdes/Home.html Santa Cruz County Public Works Department Storm Water Home Page] |
| | | | |
| | ==Disclaimer== | | ==Disclaimer== |
| − | This page may contain student work completed as part of assigned coursework. It may not be accurate. It does not necessary reflect the opinion or policy of CSUMB, its staff, or students. | + | This page may contain student work completed as part of assigned coursework. It may not be accurate. It does not necessary reflect the opinion or policy of [http://csumb.edu CSUMB], its staff, or students. |
Santa Cruz County has its own regulations for stormwater that apply to all cities and unincorporated municipalities.
Santa Cruz County has four incorporated cities including Scotts Valley, Santa Cruz, Capitola, and Wastonville, with a combined population of nearly 223,000 inhabitants. The incorporated areas of the county, with a combined total population of approximately 136,000, include Aptos, Ben Lomond, Bonny Doon, Boulder Creek, Brookdale, Corralitos, Davenport, Felton, Freedom, La Selva Beach, Rio Del Mar, Soquel and Zayante, also contribute to runoff issues in the region [2]. The County of Santa Cruz works with the City of Capitola for all their SWMP development.
This page may contain student work completed as part of assigned coursework. It may not be accurate. It does not necessary reflect the opinion or policy of CSUMB, its staff, or students.
