Difference between revisions of "Landslides and Debris Flows in the California Central Coast Region"
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Landslides are a characterized as the falling or movement of soil or rock down a slope and can manifest through mudflows, mudslides, debris flows, rock falls, rockslides, debris avalanches, debris slides, and slump-earth flows.<ref>[https://www.co.monterey.ca.us/government/departments-a-h/administrative-office/office-of-emergency-services/ready-monterey-county/hazard-ready/landslide Monterey County Office of Emergency Services] </ref> This movement occurs when the down-slope force exceeds the strength of the soil or other material holding the slope together.<ref>[https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-a-landslide-and-what-causes-one?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products USGS Natural Hazards]</ref> Typically, landslides take time to initiate movement as the soil saturates and ultimately moves at a slow pace, but can cause significant damage to buildings and other infrastructure. <ref name= "conservation">[https://www.conservation.ca.gov/index/Pages/Fact-sheets/Post-Fire-Debris-Flow-Facts.aspx California Department of Conservation] </ref> Debris flows, a type of landslide, occur suddenly with shorter and intense rainfall creating a slurry that moves at a rapid pace and often can result in loss of life making them more dangerous.<ref name= "conservation">[https://www.conservation.ca.gov/index/Pages/Fact-sheets/Post-Fire-Debris-Flow-Facts.aspx California Department of Conservation] </ref> | Landslides are a characterized as the falling or movement of soil or rock down a slope and can manifest through mudflows, mudslides, debris flows, rock falls, rockslides, debris avalanches, debris slides, and slump-earth flows.<ref>[https://www.co.monterey.ca.us/government/departments-a-h/administrative-office/office-of-emergency-services/ready-monterey-county/hazard-ready/landslide Monterey County Office of Emergency Services] </ref> This movement occurs when the down-slope force exceeds the strength of the soil or other material holding the slope together.<ref>[https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-a-landslide-and-what-causes-one?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products USGS Natural Hazards]</ref> Typically, landslides take time to initiate movement as the soil saturates and ultimately moves at a slow pace, but can cause significant damage to buildings and other infrastructure. <ref name= "conservation">[https://www.conservation.ca.gov/index/Pages/Fact-sheets/Post-Fire-Debris-Flow-Facts.aspx California Department of Conservation] </ref> Debris flows, a type of landslide, occur suddenly with shorter and intense rainfall creating a slurry that moves at a rapid pace and often can result in loss of life making them more dangerous.<ref name= "conservation">[https://www.conservation.ca.gov/index/Pages/Fact-sheets/Post-Fire-Debris-Flow-Facts.aspx California Department of Conservation] </ref> | ||
− | In the United States, landslides are an extremely destructive hazard. Landslides in the country cause approximately $3.5 billion in damage, and kill between 25 and 50 people annually.<ref>[https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3072/fs-2004-3072.html USGS Landslide Types and Processes Fact Sheet]</ref> On a more local scale, landslides are one of the most costly geologic hazards in Monterey County, costing millions of dollars yearly in infrastructure.<ref>[https://www.co.monterey.ca.us/home/showdocument?id=61924 Geoogic Resources and Constraints in Monterey County: A Technical Report]</ref> | + | In the United States, landslides are an extremely destructive hazard. Landslides in the country cause approximately $3.5 billion in damage, and kill between 25 and 50 people annually.<ref>[https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3072/fs-2004-3072.html USGS Landslide Types and Processes Fact Sheet]</ref> On a more local scale, landslides are one of the most costly geologic hazards in Monterey County, costing millions of dollars yearly in infrastructure.<ref>[https://www.co.monterey.ca.us/home/showdocument?id=61924 Geoogic Resources and Constraints in Monterey County: A Technical Report]</ref> Surrounding Monterey, many other regions are prone to landslides. Along the coast, between Point Lobos and Capoforo Creek, 1,500 landslides were mapped in 2001 which indicated slope-failure is common.<ref>[http://ccows.csumb.edu/pubs/reports/CCoWS_CRWC_CarmAssPhysHyd_041101.pdf CCoWS Physical and Hydrologic Assessment of the Carmel River Watershed]</ref> |
= Causes = | = Causes = |
Revision as of 17:45, 6 April 2020
Summary
Landslides are a characterized as the falling or movement of soil or rock down a slope and can manifest through mudflows, mudslides, debris flows, rock falls, rockslides, debris avalanches, debris slides, and slump-earth flows.[1] This movement occurs when the down-slope force exceeds the strength of the soil or other material holding the slope together.[2] Typically, landslides take time to initiate movement as the soil saturates and ultimately moves at a slow pace, but can cause significant damage to buildings and other infrastructure. [3] Debris flows, a type of landslide, occur suddenly with shorter and intense rainfall creating a slurry that moves at a rapid pace and often can result in loss of life making them more dangerous.[3]
In the United States, landslides are an extremely destructive hazard. Landslides in the country cause approximately $3.5 billion in damage, and kill between 25 and 50 people annually.[4] On a more local scale, landslides are one of the most costly geologic hazards in Monterey County, costing millions of dollars yearly in infrastructure.[5] Surrounding Monterey, many other regions are prone to landslides. Along the coast, between Point Lobos and Capoforo Creek, 1,500 landslides were mapped in 2001 which indicated slope-failure is common.[6]
Causes
Precipitation
Wildfire and Vegetation
Earthquakes
Development
Prediction and Mitigation
Major Events
References
- ↑ Monterey County Office of Emergency Services
- ↑ USGS Natural Hazards
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 California Department of Conservation
- ↑ USGS Landslide Types and Processes Fact Sheet
- ↑ Geoogic Resources and Constraints in Monterey County: A Technical Report
- ↑ CCoWS Physical and Hydrologic Assessment of the Carmel River Watershed